Dietary intake of adolescents compared with the Brazilian Food Guide and their differences according to anthropometric data and physical activity

  • Enes C
  • Slater B
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Abstract

ABSTRACT: Objective: To assess the dietary intake of adolescents compared with the Brazilian Food Guide and to explore their differences according to anthropometric data and physical activity. Methods: A total of 476 adolescents from public schools of Piracicaba, SP, Brazil participated in this study. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate food group intake of adolescents. Height, weight and waist circumference of all participants were measured. Physical activity pattern was determined by questioning about participation in regular sport activities. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 36.1% and 60% were not physically active. 7.8, 7.1, 6.3, and 0.2% of adolescents consumed vegetables, fruits, milk and derivatives, and cereals, respectively, according to recommendations. About 55 and 79% of adolescents consumed excessively oils/fats and sugar/sweets, respectively. Physically active adolescents consumed more cereals, fruits, vegetables, milk and derivatives, and meats and eggs. Conclusion: Most adolescents did not follow the food group recommendations and those who were physically active have healthier food habits.RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar o consumo alimentar de adolescentes em comparação com o Guia Alimentar Brasileiro e explorar suas diferenças segundo dados antropométricos e atividade física. Métodos: Foram entrevistados 476 adolescentes de escolas públicas de Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por questionário de freqüência alimentar. Altura, peso e circunferência da cintura foram medidos. O padrão de atividade física foi determinado pelo questionamento sobre a participação em atividades físicas regulares. Resultados: A prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 36,1% e 60% não eram fisicamente ativos. 7,8, 7,1, 6,3 e 0,2% dos adolescentes consumiram legumes, frutas, leite e derivados, e cereais, respectivamente, de acordo com as recomendações. Cerca de 55 e 79% consumiram óleos/gorduras e açúcares/doces em excesso, respectivamente. Adolescentes fisicamente ativos consumiram mais cereais, frutas, legumes, leite e derivados, carnes e ovos. Conclusão: A maioria dos adolescentes não atingiu as recomendações dos grupos de alimentos e aqueles fisicamente ativos tinham hábitos alimentares mais saudáveis.

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Enes, C. C., & Slater, B. (2015). Dietary intake of adolescents compared with the Brazilian Food Guide and their differences according to anthropometric data and physical activity. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 18(4), 798–808. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201500040010

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