Clinical and functional evaluation of primary anterior crucial ligament reconstruction by using allograft

Abstract

Background. The reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint is the gold standard in complete ACL rupture treatment. One of the central discussion topics is choice of graft. Objectives. To assess the outcome of treatment after primary ACL reconstruction using allograft. Material and methods. The study was a retrospective cohort study. Out of 372 male patients who had undergone primary unilateral intra-articular ACL reconstruction using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 61 patients who qualified for the study took part. Group I was made up of 31 patients with allograft, while Group II consisted of 30 patients involved with autograft. The Lachman test, Pivot–Shift test, Lysholm Knee Scoring scale, and 2000 International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) were used to evaluate the results. Follow-up time was 18 months. Results. The knee joint regained anterior stability in subjective and objective assessments in all the patients in both groups. The subjective results were the following: in Group I, 96.6 ±3.08 points on the Lysholm scale and 94.79 ±6.53 points on the IKDC 2000 scale, while in Group II, 98.00 ±1.9 points on the Lysholm scale and 94.81 ±5.6 points on the IKDC 2000 scale. The group comparison of the results of the IKDC 2000 and Lysholm Scale obtained postoperatively showed no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. Conclusions. Primary ACL reconstruction using an allograft is an effective procedure to counteract instability of the anterior knee joint. Comparative analysis of the results of primary ACL reconstruction in the treatment of anterior knee instability using autograft or allograft gives grounds for the possibility of individual selection of graft depending on what the patient’s expectations are.