Quantifying prehistoric soil erosion - A review of soil loss methods and their application to a celtic square enclosure (Viereckschanze) in Southern Germany

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Abstract

This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of three different methods for quantifying prehistoric soft erosion. Method A estimates erosion by determining the amount of colluvium stored downhill. Method B involves reconstructing a former erosion surface using truncated soil horizons. Method C compares the elevation of a paleosol beneath an earthwork with the modern surface in the surrounding area. Each method was applied to a Celtic earthwork (Viereckschanze) at Poign (near Regensburg) in Southern Germany in order to cross-check the different results. For an erosion area of 3.6 ha and during 300 years of agricultural usage, Method A calculates a minimum erosion rate of 20.8 t/ ha/a. Method B computes 10 t/ha/a of soil loss. Method C yields the highest rate of erosion with 24.2 t/ha/a. We have confidence in Method C, which implies an underassesment of soil loss in using methods A or B. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Leopold, M., & Völkel, J. (2007). Quantifying prehistoric soil erosion - A review of soil loss methods and their application to a celtic square enclosure (Viereckschanze) in Southern Germany. Geoarchaeology. John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.20199

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