Visualization of fetal anomalies with surface 3-dimensional ultrasound a case series

Abstract

Objective. To describe the 3-dimensional (3D) surface-rendered view of known fetal anomalies. The purpose of the study was to qualitatively compare the appearance of known fetal anomalies diagnosed by 2-dimensional (2D) ultrasound and the appearance on 3D surface rendering. Methods. Eighteen patients with fetal anomalies identified on 2D imaging underwent subsequent 3D examination and were available for neonatal follow-up. Three-dimensional surface-rendered images were obtained using conventional ultrasound equipment adapted to surface rendering. Results. Examination time was varied from 30 to 60 minutes. Visualization of known anomalies with 3D imaging was accomplished in all 18 cases. The anomalies identified were neural tube defect (2), cleft lip (3), abnominal wall defect (3), club foot (3), lethal achondrogenesis (2), amniotic band (1), infantile polycystic kidney disease (1), twin-twin transfusion (1), craniosynostosis (1), and multiple fetal anomalies (1). New information was obtained with only 1 patient. One of the fetuses with lethal achondrogenesis had the finding of low-set ears on 3D ultrasound that was not appreciated on routine 2D ultrasound. Conclusion. Three-dimensional surface rendering was possible, within a reasonable time frame. Patient acceptance was high in all cases.