Evaluation of non-conventional coagulants to remove turbidity from water

Abstract

Coagulation and flocculation are basic chemical engineering operations employed to remove suspended solids from water. The growing concern for environmental and ecological issues warrants the use of the biodegradable flocculants in wastewater and industrial effluent treatment. In this work, unconventional coagulant, namely lactic acid, calcium lactate, sodium lactate, and citric acid were studied in comparison with AlCl 3, a usual coagulant widely employed to remove water turbidity. It was observed that lactic acid and calcium lactate were able to reduce the water turbidity similarly to AlCl 3. This fact can be very interesting because lactic acid salts can be produced by biotechnological process, and contrarily to aluminium salts, they are biodegradable, reducing the risk for human and animal's health. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011.