A 2:1 randomized, open-label, phase II study of selinexor vs. physician’s choice in older patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia

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Abstract

Selinexor, a selective inhibitor of nuclear export, has demonstrated promising activity in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This randomized, phase II study evaluated selinexor 60 mg twice weekly (n = 118) vs. physician’s choice (PC) treatment (n = 57) in patients aged ≥60 years with relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Median OS did not differ significantly for selinexor vs. PC (3.2 vs. 5.6 months; HR = 1.18 [95% CI: 0.79–1.75]; p = 0.422). Complete remission (CR) plus CR with incomplete hematologic recovery trending in favor of selinexor occurred in a minority of patients. Selinexor treated patients had an increased incidence of adverse events. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events were thrombocytopenia, febrile neutropenia, anemia, hyponatremia. Despite well-balanced baseline characteristics, there were numerically higher rates of TP53 mutations, prior myelodysplastic syndrome, and lower absolute neutrophil counts in the selinexor group; warranting further investigation of selinexor in more carefully stratified R/R AML patients. Registered trial: NCT02088541.

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Sweet, K., Bhatnagar, B., Döhner, H., Donnellan, W., Frankfurt, O., Heuser, M., … Montesinos, P. (2021). A 2:1 randomized, open-label, phase II study of selinexor vs. physician’s choice in older patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia and Lymphoma, 62(13), 3192–3203. https://doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2021.1950706

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