Incidence and factors associated of early non-response in first-treatment and drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia: a real-world study

Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe and persistent mental condition that causes disability. For subsequent clinical care, it is extremely practical to effectively differentiate between patients who respond to therapy quickly and those who do not. This study set out to document the prevalence and risk factors for patient early non-response. Methods: The current study included 143 individuals with first-treatment and drug-naïve (FTDN) schizophrenia. Patients were classified as early non-responders based on a Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) score reduction of less than 20% after 2 weeks of treatment, otherwise as early responders. Clinical subgroups’ differences in demographic data and general clinical data were compared, and variables related to early non-response to therapy were examined. Results: Two weeks later, a total of 73 patients were described as early non-responders, with an incidence of 51.05%. The early non-response subgroup had significantly higher PANSS scores, Positive symptom subscale (PSS) scores, General psychopathology subscale (GPS) scores, Clinical global impression scale - severity of illness (CGI-SI) and Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels compared to the early-response subgroup. CGI-SI and FBG were risk factors for early non-response. Conclusion: High rates of early non-response have been seen in FTDN schizophrenia patients, and risk variables for predicting early non-response include CGI-SI scores and FBG levels. However, we need more in-depth studies to confirm the generalizable range of these two parameters.