Formation methods of hybrid urban spaces in the historic city center

Abstract

Russian urban planning practice is experiencing an era of global changes. The appearance of architectural and landscape objects with different types of organization of public spaces in Moscow makes it possible to talk about the transition from standard city planning to objects that have no boundaries between nature, architecture and human environment. Functionally renewed Gorky Park with Crimean Quay and Zaryadye Park represent a new type of public space where nature and technology, education and entertainment, history and modernity are combined and complement each other. New objects have a positive effect on environmental changes using the latest construction technologies, offer citizens a variety of activities and have a powerful scientific resource in working on city aesthetics and ecology. Scientists describe such town-planning objects, as "hybrid spaces". Hybridization of urban areas encompasses different urban planning levels: from integration of architectural landscape object with border elimination by nature in the historic city center (Zaryadye Park) to formation of the newest linear park with different types of public in the contour of the water area (Gorky Park and Crimean Quay). Due to the high interest of professionals in the new city objects, hybrid spaces deserve to be thoroughly studied, as they influence not only quality of urban environment in the use of landscape architecture tools and technologies, but also issues of managing urbanization and climate change in the near future.