Associação entre abortamentos recorrentes, perdas fetais, pré-eclâmpsia grave e trombofilias hereditárias e anticorpos antifosfolípides em mulheres do Brasil Central

Abstract

PURPOSE: to verify the association of abortion, recurrent fetal loss, miscarriage and severe preeclampsia with the presence of hereditary thrombophilias and antiphospholipid antibodies in pregnant women. METHODS: observational and transverse study of 48 pregnant women with past medical record of miscarriage, repealed abortion and fetal loss story (AB Group) and severe preeclampsia (PE Group), attended to in the High Risk Pregnancy Ambulatory of the Faculdade de Medicina (Famed) from the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) from November 2006 to July 2007. The pregnant women of both groups were screened for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (anticardiolipin IgG and IgM, lupic anticoagulant and anti-β2-glycoprotein I) and hereditary thrombophilias (protein C and S deficiency, antithrombin deficiency, hyperhomocysleinemia and factor V Leiden mutation). The laboratorial screening was performed during the pregnancy. The parametric data (maternal age and parity) were analyzed with Student's τ test. The non-parametric data (presence/absence of hereditary thrombophilias and antiphospholipid antibodies, presence/absence of pre-eclampsia, fetal loss, miscarriage and repealed abortion) were analyzed with Fisher's exact test in contingency tables. It was considered significant the association with p value <0.05. RESULTS: out of the 48 pregnant women, 31 (05%) were included in AB Group and 17 (35%) in PE Group. There was no significant difference between maternal age and parity within the groups. There was significant statistical association between recurrent fetal loss, recurrent abortions and previous miscarriages and maternal hereditary thrombophilias (p<0.05). There was no statistical association between the AB Group and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Neither there were associations of the PE Group with malemal hereditary thrombophilias and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: the data obtained suggest routine laboratorial investigation for hereditary thrombophilias in pregnant women with previous obstetrical story of recurrent fetal loss, repealed abortion and miscarriage.