Saponin-Aided Reverse Micellar Extraction of Malachite Green Dye From Aqueous Solutions

Abstract

Synthetic dyes used for the dyeing process increase the rate of water body pollution due to the discharge from the industries. There are various physical, chemical, and biological methods available to treat dye bearing effluents. Reverse micellar extraction (RME) is one of the physical method and will be an efficient method if there are cost-effective amendments. Surfactant-assisted solvent extraction is proven technology for protein and enzyme extraction. In this study, saponin is extracted from Sapindus mukorossi nuts. Saponin is characterized by FTIR. Malachite green is taken as model pollutant. Extraction of dye from aqueous solution is carried out at various conditions such as saponin concentration (1–3 mg/L), dye concentration (100–200 mg/L), and solvent ratio (1:1–1:3). The process parameters are optimized via Box–Behnken RSM design. The optimal values are predicted using Derringer’s desirability.