Uji Senyawa Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Tanaman Patah Tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L.)

  • Manongko P
  • Sangi M
  • Momuat L
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Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui senyawa fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol tanaman patah tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) menggunakan metode 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Ekstrak etanol diperoleh dengan metode maserasi kemudian diuji fitokimia untuk dilihat kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder diantaranya alkaloid, fenolik, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, triterpenoid/steroid. Senyawa fenolik sangat berpotensi sebagai antioksidan karenanya dilakukan uji kandungan total fenolik menggunakan metode spektrofotometri dengan pereaksi Folin-Ciocalteu. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu fenolik ditunjukkan dengan terbentuknya warna hijau kehitaman, senyawa saponin dengan terbentuknya busa stabil, dan senyawa tanin dengan terbentuknya warna hijau kehitaman. Hasil pengujian kandungan total fenolik ekstrak etanol memiliki nilai sebesar 60,270 mg GAE/g. Kekuatan antioksidan ditentukan oleh nilai IC50 yang didasarkan pada persen perendaman radikal bebas oleh sampel uji. Untuk ekstrak etanol memiliki IC50 sebesar 82,152 µg/mL. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh ekstrak etanol tanaman patah tulang memiliki potensi yang kuat sebagai antioksidan.This research was conducted to determine the phytochemical compound and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Patah Tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) plant using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The ethanol extract was obtained by maceration and then was analysed for phytochemical compound to see the secondary metabolite contents including alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids / steroids. The phenolic compounds have high potential as antioxidant, therefore the total fenolic content  was tested using spectrophotometric method with Folin-Ciocalteu reagents. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH method. he results showed that the ethanol extract contain secondary metabolite compounds. Penolic compounds  weredetected by the formation of blackish green color, saponin compounds showed  stable foam formation, and tannin compounds with a blackish green formation. Total phenolic content of the extract was60,270 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant activity was determined by IC50 value based on the percentage of free radicals taken by the sample. And ethanol extract had IC50 value of 82.152 µg /mL. Based on the results obtained, ethanol extract of Patah Tulang plants had a strong potential as an antioxidant.

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APA

Manongko, P. S., Sangi, M. S., & Momuat, L. I. (2020). Uji Senyawa Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Tanaman Patah Tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L.). Jurnal MIPA, 9(2), 64. https://doi.org/10.35799/jmuo.9.2.2020.28725

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