An improved genetic sex test for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Abstract

Accurate determination of sex ratios is an important metric for the conservation and management of wild Atlantic salmon populations. Previously published primers for a male-specific gene were shown to be unreliable at determining sex due to the presence of deletions in the forward primer-binding site. A new forward primer, used in conjunction with the existing reverse primer, greatly improved reliability of the genetic test, correctly assigning gender in samples of known sex. Using DNA extracted from both contemporary and archive tissues, comparison between the two primer sets screened on collections of unknown sex ratio showed significant discrepancies in the number of males identified. The new primer will help improve the management and conservation of Atlantic salmon by providing accurate sex ratios for the setting of Conservation Limits.