Bronchoscopy

Abstract

Bronchoscopy is the detailed endoscopic examination of the trachea and bronchi with a telescopic lens, rigid open-tube bronchoscope, flexible fiberoptic scope, or a combination of these optical devices. The decision to perform rigid or flexible largely depends on the clinical situation. Both offer a detailed direct examination of the lower airway and each has its advantages and disadvantages. Bronchoscopy is often done in combination with direct laryngoscopy or microlaryngoscopy, which allows for exposure and examination of the larynx prior to performing bronchoscopy. In children, bronchoscopy is often performed under general anesthesia, but can also be performed in an endoscopy suite under moderate sedation. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.