Cardiovascular magnetic resonance T2∗ mapping for the assessment of cardiovascular events in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiac events. Beyond classic risk factors, relative myocardial ischaemia and succeeding myocardial alterations, which can be detected using either contrast agents or parametric mapping in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, have shown an impact on outcome in HCM. CMR may help to risk stratify using parametric T2∗ mapping. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of T2∗ values or fibrosis with cardiovascular events in HCM. Methods The relationship between T2∗ with supraventricular, ventricular arrhythmia or heart failure was retrospectively assessed in 91 patients with HCM referred for CMR on a 1.5T MR imaging system. Fibrosis as a reference was added to the model. Patients were subdivided into groups according to T2∗ value quartiles. Results 47 patients experienced an event of ventricular arrhythmia, 25 of atrial fibrillation/flutter and 17 of heart failure. T2∗≤28.7 ms yielded no association with ventricular events in the whole HCM cohort. T2∗ of non-obstructive HCM showed a significant association with ventricular events in univariate analysis, but not in multivariate analysis. For the combined endpoint of arrhythmic events, there was already an association for the whole HCM cohort, but again only in univariate analyses. Fibrosis stayed the strongest predictor in all analyses. There was no association for T2∗ and fibrosis with heart failure. Conclusions Decreased T2∗ values by CMR only provide a small association with arrhythmic events in HCM, especially in non-obstructive HCM. No information is added for heart failure.