The Effect of Human Disturbance on the Spatial Distribution of Anoa (Bubalus Sp.) Using MaxEnt Modeling

Abstract

Anoa (Bubalus sp.) is one of the endemic species of Sulawesi Island, which is protected because it is threatened with extinction. This study aims to determine the possible distribution ofanoa habitat based on environmental parameters by considering the influence of human disturbance. Human disturbance to Anoa is in the form of settlement and transportation infrastructure. The purpose of this paper is to observe whether human disturbance has an effect or not on Anoa spatial distribution. Using 98 encounter species data points, the model discovered that settlement and transportation infrastructure contributed only 4.3% and 1.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, elevation, temperature, and water have a dominant contribution that exceeds 90%. This data indicated that the anoa habitat is less sensitive to human disturbance.