Scientific, Technological, and Innovation Dynamics in Nanotechnology for Smart Cities and Villages: The OECD Case and Its Implications for Latin America

Abstract

The rise of emerging technologies is a priority for generating innovative products and processes aimed at contributing to the solution of cutting edge problems for smart cities and villages. The progress and development of nanotechnology make possible to market leading technological applications in fields as diverse as medical science, new materials development, and electronics, among others. The present study has two main aims. First, to determine whether the (average) production of IP5 nanotechnology patent families from 1999 to 2013 had a first-order relationship with the applicant’s place of residence (priority date) and inventor’s place of residence (priority date) during the same period in The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (The OECD is an international organism whose main mission is generating policies focused on the advancement and well-being of the countries that integrate it, promoting actions oriented toward the attention of environmental, economic and social problems (OECD in Who we are, 2019 [34].) member countries, and second, to determine whether the formation of this type of patent families by place of residence of applicant (priority date) in 2013 is associated with five variables. Results show that a relationship exists between variables in both cases, especially in the second, in which the weight of the participation of research scientists and the industry’s value-added is quite significant. This approach allows for conclusions concerning OECD member countries and also has implications for the development of nanotechnology in Latin America to consolidate as smart cities and villages.