Laboratory information systems

Abstract

Computers are used extensively throughout clinical laboratories. Laboratory information systems (LIS) serve fundamental functions in both data processing (the collection, analyses, and reporting of patient test results) and laboratory management (inventory control, quality assurance, and personnel management). Critical features for an LIS include the number and quality of the direct interfaces with automated instruments and the flexibility to sort and report the wide range of numerical and textual information derived from analysis of patient specimens. Because of the essential role and the expense involved in the purchase and operation of an LIS, selecting one is a significant decision for any institution. In the future, uses of computers in the clinical laboratories will be even more extensive. Cost containment and technologic developments in clinical testing will result in further automation in specimen processing, information handling, and management. Current attempts to derive useful clinical interpretations will be extended through sophisticated decision support aids. Networks will connect the LIS with sidely distributed computers in the hospital to allow exchange of information.