Optimization of High Resolution Melting (HRM) Method for Genotyping and Estimating Frequency of SNP rs4284505 in the Vietnamese Breast Cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most common and dangerous disease among women throughout the world whose incidence continues to increase rapidly, particularly in several Asian countries. Among well—known causative breast cancer genes like: BRCA1/2, PTEN, p53…, microRNAs (miRNAs), recently, have been proven to play a critical role in breast cancer development and can serve as a new potential biomarker for breast cancer detection. SNP rs4284505 located on miRNA 17–92 cluster host gene exhibits the strong association with breast cancer in Caucasian Australian. In this study, SNP rs4284505 is investigated to determine whether it can relate to breast cancer in Vietnamese patients. High Resolution Melting (HRM) method has been optimized to screen selected SNP, aiming at predicting the correlation of the chosen SNP and breast cancer in Vietnam. 100 breast cancer samples were examined. The optimal HRM protocol was constructed with high sensitivity (95%), specificity and stability. The polymorphism of SNP rs4284505 does occur in Vietnamese population with the MAF (G) = 44.27%. The G allele seems likely to have the protective effect to breast cancer [OR (95%CI) = 0.80 (0.54–1.18)]. Nevertheless, this SNP is predicted not to be associated with breast cancer risk (p-value >0.05) due to small size and the computed control. Because of high polymorphism in patients, a further research should be conducted in a larger scale and in a suitable control group to validate the relationship between SNP rs4284505 and breast cancer in Vietnam.