Treatment of arteriovenous malformations

Abstract

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) can be treated by endovascular embolization, surgery, sclerotherapy and laser. Endovascular embolization is today the most frequent treatment, followed by surgery. Sclerotherapy and laser treatments are other possibilities. Treatment strategy depends on the type, symptoms and evolution of the defect. Truncular forms are treated mainly by surgery while the techniques listed may be used alone or in combination when treating extratruncular defects. © 2009 Springer-Verlag Milan.