Control of Processes

Abstract

The previous chapter has already shown that the deterministic view of the earlier chapters remains insufficient to address the complexity at the higher levels of the systems hierarchy of Boulding. Building on this notion, the domain of complex adaptive systems believes that the dynamics of complex systems are founded on universal principles that may be used to describe disparate problems ranging from particle physics to the economics of societies, such as in the work of Kauffman [1993]. In addition, the development of complexity science offers a shift in scientific approach with the potential to profoundly affect business, organisations, institutions and government about the effectiveness of change and interventions.