An Urban Built Form and its Microclimate on Urban Heat Island - A Review

Abstract

Many elements, such as meteorological factors and city features, contribute to the establishment of urban heat islands. The city parameters, such as low albedo materials, urban geometry, high density, anthropogenic heat, and the like, are the most important factors that are responsible for the formation of it. Urban climate is becoming a complex issue locally and globally. There are many variables such as built environment, design model, urban morphology, density, vegetation cover, building height, orientation, distance between buildings, amount of sunlight on the road surface, wind direction, etc. Street-level velocities play a role in creating the city’s thermal microclimate. This paper reviews previously published studies in this paper on the shape of built-up urban morphology and its microclimate on urban heat islands.