Implicaciones clínicas e inmunológicas de los micronutrientes durante la infección por VIH

Abstract

During HIV infection there is an alteration in the functions of the immune system and chronic inflammation that cannot be resolved with antiretroviral treatment (ART). Moreover, a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies has been reported in the HIV+ population due to an increase in their demand and excretion.    Such chronic inflammation and micronutrient deficiency is associated with comorbidities not linked to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) such as high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, cancer, and osteoporosis. The development of strategies aimed at regulating the inflammation and chronic activation present in HIV+ patients receiving ART to improve their quality of life and decrease the prevalence of comorbidities. A promising option is nutritional intervention through supplementaltion of micronutrients that have shown to have a regulatory effect on inflammation and immune response and which could represent a safe and cost-effective option.