Background: After hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery, hepaticojejunostomy cholangitis is a rare condition; the true incidence rate of postoperative cholangitis is unknown. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the incidence rate and timing of postoperative cholangitis after biliary-enteric anastomosis, and to evaluate risk factors and management strategies. Methods: Our single-center retrospective study included 583 patients who had undergone biliary-enteric anastomosis for hepatobiliary-pancreatic diseases. Demographic and treatment data were extracted from the medical records, and the association between potential risk factors and the development of postoperative cholangitis evaluated using a prospectively collected database. Results: Postoperative cholangitis developed in 45/583 patients (incidence rate, 7.7%), on average 18.3 ± 27.4 months (median = 6.9 months) after surgery. On multivariate analysis, the following factors were independently associated with postoperative cholangitis after biliary-enteric anastomosis: male sex, benign condition, and postoperative complication with a Clavien-Dindo classification grade > III. Among patients with postoperative cholangitis, a biliary stricture developed in 57.8% (26/45) of cases. Percutaneous balloon dilatation (73.1%) and endoscopic stenting (11.5%) were used as initial treatment of the stricture, with surgical revision being required in only 15.4% of cases of hepaticojejunostomy stricture. Conclusion: Biliary-enteric anastomotic cholangitis after hepaticojejunostomy is a distinct disease process. Although non-operative management of postoperative cholangitis is successful in many cases, further research is required to better understand patient- and physician-related factors that predispose patients to postoperative cholangitis.
CITATION STYLE
Okabayashi, T., Shima, Y., Sumiyoshi, T., Sui, K., Iwata, J., Morita, S., … Shimada, Y. (2018). Incidence and Risk Factors of Cholangitis after Hepaticojejunostomy. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 22(4), 676–683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-017-3532-9
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