Contribution of deviatoric stresses to metamorphic P‐T paths: an example appropriate to low‐P, high‐T metamorphism

Abstract

P‐T paths for a simple situation appropriate to many low‐P, high‐T (LPHT) terranes in which metamorphism and deformation are localized by advection of heat in magmas, has been modelled assuming a medium with a power‐law rheology with an inverse exponential dependence of stress and temperature and capable of sustaining deviatoric stress, τ, in the order of 100 MPa at 400d̀ C and strain rates of up to 10‐13s‐1. Numerical simulations and analytical approximations for P‐T histories appropriate for simple convergent deformation histories show that the destruction of the deviatoric stress field around large intrusions may result in significant decompression near the metamorphic temperature peak. Moreover, for a specified strain rate and temperature evolution, P‐T paths may vary from clockwise to anticlockwise merely as a function of vertical distance from the heat source. Inasmuch as mounting independent evidence suggests that the crust can support deviatoric stresses of up to about 100 MPa at temperatures of 400‐500d̀ C, and that the shear strength of the crust is strongly temperature‐dependent in the range 400‐800d̀ C, these results suggest that caution should be taken in the tectonic interpretation of P‐T paths involving decompression of the order of 100 MPa or less in LPHT terranes. The results illustrate a plausible mechanism for the close spatial association of both clockwise and anticlockwise P‐T paths documented in some LPHT terranes. Copyright © 1994, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved