Variability of Low-ionization Broad Absorption-line Quasars Based on Multi-epoch Spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

  • Yi W
  • Brandt W
  • Hall P
  • et al.
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Abstract

We present absorption variability results for 134 bona fide Mg ii broad absorption-line (BAL) quasars at 0.46 ≲  z  ≲ 2.3 covering days to ∼10 yr in the rest frame. We use multiple-epoch spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, which has delivered the largest such BAL variability sample ever studied. Mg ii- BAL identifications and related measurements are compiled and presented in a catalog. We find a remarkable time-dependent asymmetry in the equivalent width (EW) variation from the sample, such that weakening troughs outnumber strengthening troughs, the first report of such a phenomenon in BAL variability. Our investigations of the sample further reveal that (i) the frequency of BAL variability is significantly lower (typically by a factor of 2) than that in high-ionization BALQSO samples, (ii) Mg ii -BAL absorbers tend to have relatively high optical depths and small covering factors along our line of sight, (iii) there is no significant EW-variability correlation between Mg ii troughs at different velocities in the same quasar, and (iv) the EW-variability correlation between Mg ii and Al iii BALs is significantly stronger than that between Mg ii and C iv BALs at the same velocities. These observational results can be explained by a combined transverse-motion/ionization-change scenario, where transverse motions likely dominate the strengthening BALs while ionization changes and/or other mechanisms dominate the weakening BALs.

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APA

Yi, W., Brandt, W. N., Hall, P. B., Vivek, M., Grier, C. J., Ak, N. F., … McGraw, S. M. (2019). Variability of Low-ionization Broad Absorption-line Quasars Based on Multi-epoch Spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 242(2), 28. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab1f90

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