Impact of Social Media Usage on Body Image Perception among Adolescents in Malawi

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of social media usage on body image perception among adolescents in Malawi. Materials and Methods: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Exposure to idealized images and content often leads to body dissatisfaction and lower self-esteem. Adolescents frequently compare themselves to the highly curated and often edited images they see online, which can create unrealistic expectations and negative self-perception. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced among young girls, who are more likely to internalize societal beauty standards perpetuated by social media. Additionally, the constant feedback loop of likes and comments can exacerbate concerns about appearance, leading to issues such as anxiety, depression, and eating disorders. However, study suggest that positive social media interactions and exposure to body-positive content can mitigate these negative effects, highlighting the nuanced relationship between social media and body image. Overall, while social media offers opportunities for connection and self-expression, it also poses significant risks to adolescents' body image and mental health. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social comparison theory, objectification theory and uses and gratifications theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the impact of social media usage on body image perception among adolescents in Malawi. Educational institutions should implement media literacy programs that equip adolescents with critical thinking skills to navigate social media content effectively. Policymakers and regulatory bodies should work with social media platforms to enforce content moderation policies that restrict the promotion of harmful content related to body image, such as extreme dieting, beauty stereotypes, and body shaming.