The Maize Root System: Morphology, Anatomy, and Genetics

Abstract

Maize root system architecture is determined by distinct embryonic and postembryonic root types that are formed during different phases of development. While embryonically preformed roots dominate the early seedling root system, the adult root stock is determined by an extensive shoot borne root stock. Although the cellular organization of all root types is similar specific mutants imply complex genetic programs that regulate maize root system formation. Recently, the first genes that are involved in shoot borne root formation and root hair formation have been cloned. Moreover, proteome and cell type specific transcriptome analyses gave initial cues on the complex molecular networks involved in maize root system development.