Borexino: Geo-neutrino measurement at Gran Sasso, Italy

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Abstract

Geo-neutrinos, electron anti-neutrinos produced in b-decays of naturally occurring radioactive isotopes in the Earth, are a unique direct probe of our planet’s interior. After a brief introduction of the geo-neutrinos’ properties and of the main aims of their study, we discuss the features of a detector which has recently provided breakthrough achievements in the field, Borexino, a massive, calorimetric liquid scintillator detector installed at the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory. With its unprecedented ra-diopurity levels achieved in the core of the detection medium, it is the only experiment in operation able to study in real time solar neutrino interactions in the challenging sub-MeV energy region. Its superior technical properties allowed Borexino also to provide a clean detection of terrestrial neutrinos. Therefore, the description of the characteristics of the detected geo-neutrino signal and of the corresponding geological implications are the main core of the discussion contained in this work.

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Agostini, M., Altenmüller, K., Appel, S., Bellini, G., Benziger, J., Bick, D., … Zuzel, G. (2017). Borexino: Geo-neutrino measurement at Gran Sasso, Italy. Annals of Geophysics, 60(1). https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-7389

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