Flavonoid Compounds Derivative from Macaranga involucrata (Roxb.) Baill Leaves from Central Buton, Southeast Sulawesi

Abstract

Macaranga is one of the largest genera of the family Euphorbiaceae comprising 300 species with local name “mahang-mahangan”. Macaranga is widespread in the region of Africa and the west of Madagascar to the tropical regions of Asia, northern Australia, and the Pacific islands. In Indonesia Macaranga spread in several areas: Papua, Maluku, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, Sumatera, Bangka, and Java. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of several phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and stilbene derivatives. The phenolic compounds have a unique molecular structure with the addition of some substituents such as prenyl (C5 ), geranyl (C10 ), farnesyl (C15 ), and geranylgeranyl (C20 ). This research has been conducted on the isolation of secondary metabolites from the leaves of M. involucrata by maceration method using acetone, followed by separation and purification by using liquid vacuum chromatography and radial chromatography to obtain pure compounds. Determination of the structure is based on data analysis of 1D NMR spectrum (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), 2D NMR (1 H-1 HCOSY, NOESY, TOCSY, HSQC, and HMBC), and mass spectra (MS). Based on this methodology, two flavone derivatives 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3-methoxy flavone (1) and macarangin (2), have been isolated from this plant. Based on these results showed that leaf of M. involucrata from Central Buton, Southeast Sulawesi produces phenolic compounds from flavonoid derivatives.