Análisis de las variables asociadas al estudio del liderazgo: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura

Abstract

This work analyses leadership from the perspective of Social and Organisational Psychology, with scientific, empirical, objective, systematic and likely replicable rigour. The literature on leadership features a large number of diverse and heterogeneous sources stemming from several different disciplines. However, there is no agreement on what leadership is, nor is there a single explanatory model of it. This paper describes how leadership is investigated, and three dimensions are mentioned that it is expected that all theories on leadership address: leader, followers, and context. 68 studies from works published by Iberoamerican authors and covered by Redalyc and Scopus fulfilled criteria. The systematic analysis of these works had three stages: the delimitation of the search strategy and the selection of the studies; systematisation and lemmatisation of the text corpus, and statistical descriptive, unidimensional and multidimensional analysis. Results compiled using SPSS and SPAD show important contributions made by the studies in the last decade, with identification of their basic components, their theoretical explanatory models, the different methodologies used, the development of associated psychological variables, and the organisational aspects mentioned by the scientific literature in terms of leadership in organisations.