Design of F-shape fractal microstrip patch antenna for C- and X-band applications

Abstract

In this paper, F-shape fractal microstrip patch antenna is designed using roger RT/duroid and FR4 glass epoxy substrate materials. Proposed antenna is fed by microstrip line feed. Simulations of proposed antenna are done up to third iteration using Ansoft HFSS software. F-shape fractal notation in antenna design makes the patch antenna flexible in terms of generating resonant frequency and bandwidth, as an iteration number of fractal increases. Performance parameters of the antenna such as bandwidth, radiation pattern, return loss, and VSWR are compared for both the substrate materials. It is found that rogers RT/duroid as a substrate provides less return loss and more gain. Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) is used for the measurement of return loss and VSWR of the antenna. Simulated and measured results show good agreement with each other. The measured results of proposed antenna with rogers RT/duroid substrate exhibit a gain of 7.2261, 5.0946, 2.9631, 8.3167, and 1.2998 dB at resonant frequencies 5.6, 7.72, 9.34, 11.26, and 13.58 GHz, respectively.