Implementation of k-means and k-medians clustering in several countries based on global innovation index (Gii) 2018

Abstract

The Global Innovation Index (GII) is an instrument to assess the ranking of innovation capabilities of all countries. The sub-index of the GII has seven enabler pillars: Institutions, Human Capital and Research, Infrastructure, Market sophistication, Business Sophistication, Knowledge and Technology Outputs, and Creative Outputs. The k-means method and k-medians method are methods for cluster countries based on GII. Cluster 1 in k-means method consists of 48 Countries, Cluster 2 consists of 45 Countries and Cluster 3 consists of 33 Countries and has the average value of seven variables are the highest. Cluster 1 in k-medians method consists of 33 Countries and has the average value of seven variables are the highest., Cluster 2 consists of 53 Countries and Cluster 3 consists of 40 Countries. The result clustering with using k-means method and k-medians method showed that k-medians is better than k-means method because the variance value of k-medians is smaller than k-means.