Estimation of human exposure to bacterial pathogens in drinking water of Philippine passenger ships

Abstract

A human exposure estimation to bacterial pathogens in drinking water of Philippine inter-island passenger vessels was done. The calculation of estimated microbial intake per person per voyage was based on the voyage travel time, average water consumption per voyage and estimated microbial contamination level of water consumed. A model that detailed ship drinking water flow diagram and order of change in microbial concentration was used in the estimation of microbial contamination level. Results of the study indicated that possibility of infection relative to established infective doses of Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi and pathogenic strains of Shigella spp. and Eschericia coli exist when raw water is loaded to the ship reservoir specially during extended travel time. Review of policy and implementing guidelines related to drinking water management for Philippine inter-island passenger vessels was recommended.