The live cell DNA stain SiR-Hoechst induces DNA damage responses and impairs cell cycle progression

Abstract

SiR-Hoechst (SiR-DNA) is a far-red fluorescent DNA probe being used widely for time-lapse imaging of living cells that is reported to be minimally toxic at concentrations as high as 10-25 μM. However, measuring nuclear import of Cyclin B1, inhibition of mitotic entry, and the induction of γH2AX foci in cultured human cells reveals that SiR-Hoechst induces DNA damage responses and G2 arrest at concentrations well below 1 μM. SiR-Hoechst is useful for live cell imaging, but it should be used with caution and at the lowest practicable concentration.