Estimation of Groundwater Recharge Rate Using SWAT MODFLOW Model

Abstract

Groundwater, which is in aquifers below the surface of the Earth, is one of the most important natural resources. Due to the increased population, drought, improper irrigation practices, and pollution, depletion of groundwater takes place more rapidly. With the advent of remote sensing data and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and integrating SWAT with MODFLOW model, estimation of groundwater recharge became much easier. The HRU’s in the SWAT model are exchanged with MODFLOW cells by using SWAT-MODFLOW interface to simulate the groundwater head distribution and groundwater recharge rates. The study is conducted in Chintalapudi village, which is located in West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. To estimate spatiotemporal distribution of groundwater recharge, it requires DEM, LULC map, Soil map, rainfall data, aquifer parameters such as aquifer thickness, hydraulic conductivity, and specific yield. Model results are shown by month and year to determine seasonal and decadal trends in groundwater recharge rates. The SWAT-MODFLOW was calibrated and validated using groundwater levels and streamflow data.