Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis

Abstract

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) due to the drugs is caused by allergic reaction and it is presented by acute renal failure, rush, eosinophilia and eosinophiluria. AIN due to NSAID in comparison with AIN caused by other drugs is presented with nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure. Kidney biopsy is necessary for diagnosis of AIN. The most important and first step in the treatment is the discontinuation of the drug. In severe cases, the corticosteroids are indicated (1 mg/kg of body weight), or intravenous bolus of corticosteroids followed by high-oral dose administration for several weeks. Symptomatic therapy (diet, diuretics) is indicated for all patients, and hemodyalisis is indicated in patients with severe acute renal failure.