Componentes químicos de la madera de cinco especies de pino del municipio de Morelia, Michoacán

Abstract

A chemical analysis was performed to determine the major chemical components of five pine species in the municipality of Morelia, Michoacán. The pine species studied were: Pinus leiophylla, P. michoacana var. cornuta, P. montezumae, P. oocarpa and P. teocote. The pH value, ash, ash analysis, extractives, holocellulose, lignin and tannins content was determined for each pine species. The results were in the range of 4,0 to 4,4 for pH, 0,3% ash in all species (calcium and potassium in higher concentration), 17,9% to 25,4% for soda solubility, 7,6% to 8,2% total extractives, 68,1% to 74,7% for holocellulose, 24% to 28,5% for lignin and 0,07% to 0,12% for tannins. Through the applied extraction the wood solubility followed the sequence: water > ciclohexan > aceton > methanol. Analysis of variance of the data showed that pH, soda solubility, holocellulose, lignin and tannins did vary among pine species (P < 0,05).