Diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common among women of all ages and can vary in severity from uncomplicated, acute cystitis to pyelonephritis leading to urosepsis. There are various etiologies and risk factors for developing these infections across different population groups. Diagnosis is generally made based on the clinical presentation in conjunction with the presence of bacteriuria on urinalysis or urine culture. Depending on the classification of the UTI, management and treatment will vary. Preventive measures can also be undertaken to address risk factors. Most infections can be treated successfully and patients can expect to make a full recovery.