Eutrophication and public health

Abstract

While there is no evidence of directly linking toxic algal blooms with eutrophication, it is highly potential biotoxins to endanger public health, having toxic algal blooms and red tides in eutrophic waters. Consequently, public health risk is associated with eutrophication through consumption of sea food contaminated with red tide toxins. Toxins contained in cyanophyte cells have also acute effects on vertebrates, from minor skin irritations, liver injury, impaired system to death of mammals, life, and pets. Toxic organisms in the water bodies result in bans on finfish and shellfish collection and commercialization, linked to economic losses at tourism and fish farming. Main categories of shellfish poisoning caused by toxic algae were denoted, while the impacts of eutrophic waters on waterborne pathogens in the marine environment were approached in terms of inadequately treated sewage, although several human bacterial pathogens are indigenous to estuarine and sea waters. Eubacteria and eutrophication were determined by: (a) many eubacteria possess gas vesicles that permit them to migrate vertically at intervals the water column, offering an excellent advantage over different flora in stratified waters, and, (b) many international recreational and drink sources suffer from eutrophication and eubacteria due to increased stream regulation, thus, conditioning nutrients and growth of eubacteria.