Synthetic Observations of Simulated Radio Galaxies. I. Radio and X‐Ray Analysis

Abstract

We present an extensive synthetic observational analysis of numerically simulated radio galaxies designed to explore the effectiveness of conventional observational analyses at recovering physical source properties. These are the first numerical simulations with sufficient physical detail to allow such a study. The present paper focuses on extraction of magnetic field properties from nonthermal intensity information. Synchrotron and inverse Compton intensities were effective in providing meaningful information about distributions and strengths of magnetic fields, although considerable care was called for in quantitative usage of the information. Correlations between radio and X-ray surface brightness correctly revealed useful dynamical relationships between particles and fields, for example: Magnetic field strength estimates derived from the ratio of X-ray to radio intensity were mostly within about a factor of 2 of the rms field strength along a given line of sight. When emissions along a given line of sight were dominated by regions close to the minimum energy/equipartition condition, the field strengths derived from the standard power-law spectrum minimum energy calculation were also reasonably close to actual field strengths, except when spectral aging was evident. Otherwise, biases in the minimum energy magnetic field estimation mirrored actual differences from equipartition. The ratio of the inverse Compton-estimated magnetic field to the minimum energy magnetic field provided a rough measure of the actual total energy in particles and fields in most instances, although this measure was accurate within only about an order of magnitude. This may provide a practical limit to the accuracy with which one may be able to establish the internal energy density or pressure of optically thin synchrotron sources.