Graphene

Abstract

Graphene graphene is the two-dimensional allotrope of carbon, consisting of a hexagonal arrangement of carbon atoms on a single plane. This chapter begins with a brief history of graphene, followed by a discussion of different methods to produce graphene. The atomic and electronic structure of graphene is then described. The intrinsic properties of graphene can be tailored by nanofabrication, chemistry, electromagnetic fields, etc. Various applications of graphene have been proposed in electronic, optoelectronic and mechanical products. In addition, graphene has emerged as a candidate in chemical, biochemical and biological applications. Derivatives of graphene such as graphene oxide or graphane are also of interest both in terms of fundamental properties and applications.