(Re)Pensando Thomas Kuhn: reflexões sobre mal-entendidos da Estrutura e suas implicações para o ensino de ciências

Abstract

Thomas Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions is a classic in the philosophy of science.In association with other works by the author, it has been widely explored over the past decades, both in epistemological and educational terms.Kuhn, a physicist, philosopher, and historian of science, traced a conception of science that opposes logical positivism and traditional historiography.Nevertheless, he received distinct and, at times, severe criticism of his understanding of science.In this sense, seeking to succinctly understand scientific progress through revolutions in the Kuhnian perspective, this article explains some misunderstandings related to the concept of incommensurability, in order to discuss its conception of scientific revolution and how it permeates the (supposed) relativism of the structure.In addition, thinking about implications for teaching and teacher training, he proposes a discussion on the problem of relativism, which is so pertinent today, especially when science experiences its own disbelief.In effect, a Kuhnian rescue can contribute to reflections on science, contributing to the formation of more scientifically and epistemologically critical subjects.