Modular prosthesis of the larynx for application in laryngectomees - A theoretical approach

Abstract

Purpose: A total laryngectomy which usually is carried out after the diagnosis of a laryngeal carcinoma of the stages T3/T4 is leading to dissatisfying results in the postoperative rehabilitation of the patient. The postoperative consequences include the loss of the native voice, the loss of the regular air ways via mouth and nose, the loss of the sense of smell, and the inability to build up an abdominal pressure. This paper deals with the feasibility of a modular larynx prosthesis which enables the laryngectomy patient to talk with his native voice, to breathe via the regular air ways, and to build up abdominal pressure. Materials and methods: The autonomous prosthesis consists of a device to reproduce the natural human voice, a device to reproduce the natural air ways including an artificial epiglottis to avoid choking, and a system of valves to build up an abdominal pressure e.g. to cough. An additional device is required to analyze, conserve and manage voice characteristics before laryngectomy. The prosthesis consists of two modules: a stationary module and an exchangeable module. This is necessary to avoid a destruction of the electronics during possible radiation therapies and to easily replace the module in case of maintenance. Conclusions: Regarding the actual possibilities of rehabilitation the modular prosthesis of the larynx for application in laryngectomees means a medical and ethical benefit for the postoperative course in rehabilitation of laryngectomees. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.