Akkermansia muciniphila – multifunctional bacteria

Abstract

Introduction: The complex symbiotic connection between the host and the gut microbiome, which has many important functions in the organism, provides an opportunity for dysbiosis to potentially serve as a catalyst for various health disorders. Akkermancia muciniphila, a bacterium that degadates mucin, is a noteworthy element of the human gut microbiome and has captured the attention of researchers due to its correlation with numerous diseases. Aim of the study: The purpose of this research was to review literature and determine the impact of Akkermansia muciniphila in selected diseases. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed database. State of knowledge: Studies have shown that reduced numbers of Akkermansia muciniphila have been associated with many diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, fatty liver, some neurological conditions, inflammation, and response to cancer immunotherapies. Furthermore, the administration of this bacterium has been shown to have a positive impact on reducing obesity-related parameters, improving insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, mitigating inflammation, and enhancing the prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.  Conclusions: The condition and composition of the intestinal microbiome play a significant role in the development and progression of numerous diseases. Akkermansia muciniphila, as demonstrated in various studies, is an example of a bacterium associated with beneficial effects in multiple diseases. It is regarded as a promising candidate for probiotic use.