Introduction to cancer stem cells

Abstract

A wealth of data points to the existence of a subset of tumor-initiating cells that have properties similar to stem cells, termedcancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are thought to be at the apex of a cellular hierarchy, where they are capable of differentiating into the other cells found within a tumor. They may also be responsible for both patient relapse due to their relative resistance to chemotherapy as well as metastasis. In recent years, much research has focused on these cells, their properties and potential targets within these cells for cancer treatment. This chapter will introduce the CSC theory, discuss important properties of these cells, and highlight the need to target them for improved patient outcome.