Introduction

Abstract

Software has permeated every aspect of modern life. Human kind flew to the moon on 140,000 lines of source code and yet, when you wake up in the morning and put on your smartwatch, more than 10 million lines of code have just been strapped to your wrist. The same goes for the smartphone that happens to be buried somewhere in your bag; 12+ million lines of code in your pocket. The plane on route to your vacation destination will be hurling you and 14+ million lines of code through the air. These magnitudes are already impressing, and yet a quick ‘like' on your favorite social network will be powered by 61+ million lines of code and the pair of socks you have just bought at the retailer of your choice will fire off data into an enterprise system consisting of more than 400 million lines of code. To put these numbers into perspective, one million lines of code printed out, would cover 18,000 pages and equals about 14 copies of War and Peace. The development of such massive and complex software involves equally substantial and complex organizations whose members need to be carefully coordinated.