Steam turbines

Abstract

The present chapter discusses the working principles and the construction forms of steam turbines, starting with an outline of their historical evolution. The two basic types of steam turbines are analysed. These are the impulse type and the reaction type. The chapter is also intended to formulate the general theory of axial turbines. In particular, the crucial role of the degree of reaction is discussed. Typical construction forms of large steam turbines for power stations and small turbines for industrial applications are illustrated. The chapter ends with a discussion of the shaping of blades and vanes.