Brain Derived Neurotropic Factors in Speed vs. Inclined Treadmill in Young Adult Healthy Male With Occult Balance Disorder

Abstract

Background: There is an increase in fall risk among elders and young adults consecutively due to various causes. Occult balance disorder may be among the abnormal causes of falling in young adults as well as elders. The One Leg Stance (OLS) test is used to diagnose this balance performance; it’s a proven test to measure static balance function which would lead to dynamic balance function. It has been proven that aside from cardiopulmonary exercises, treadmill workout can be used as a dynamic balance exercise. The Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) increases balance function through the treadmill exercise (the inclination and speed). This hormone is one of the tropical hormones generated in neurons, muscles, hematopoietic tissue and it is characterized by neurons morphology regulation and neuroplasticity. Materials and Methods: We divided 20 healthy young adult men to work out on inclination and speed groups treadmill exercise. The workout lasted for 2 weeks. We immediately observed the effect of exercise on serum BDNF as two tests were taken on before and 30 min after the workout. Result: There were significant increases of pre-exercise serum BDNF level in speed group between the first and the last exercise (p = 0.001), post-exercise between the first day and the last exercise (p = 0.001). No significant increase of serum BDNF in speed group pre- and post-exercise on the first exercise (p = 0.159), pre- and post-exercise on the last exercise (p = 0.892). There was no significant increase in serum BDNF in inclination group on all parameters (p > 0.05). The serum BDNF is actually a neurotropic factor that affects not just the neuronal system, but also molecular energy and metabolism regulation. This serum is dependent on the aerobic capacity, lactate production, muscle calcium uptake, and muscle fiber type used in exercises. Furthermore, the serum BDNF is increased by treadmill exercises in escalated speed. Conclusion: Treadmill exercises with average speed escalation increase the serum BDNF.