Peptide vaccine

Abstract

Although induction of antitumor immune responses through cancer vaccine is theoretically promising and would be straightforward, it is currently difficult to prove the clinical benefits of cancer vaccine except for one phase III trial that has documented improved overall survival with the vaccine, Sipuleucel-T. In contrast, immune checkpoint blockade with anti-CTLA4 mAb and anti-PD-1 mAb has demonstrated clear evidence of objective responses including improved overall survival and tumor shrinkage, driving renewed enthusiasm for cancer immunotherapy in multiple cancer types. We are now facing new era of cancer immunotherapy with a great hope for the anticancer therapy.