A Laboratory Evaluation of Stabilization of Silty Clay Soil by Using Chloride Compounds

Abstract

Large areas of Iraq consist of soils with high clay contents which have low strengths and bearing capacity.This problem has an influence on construction of road and highway, if adequate support does not exist, the road will rapidly deteriorate. The solution to these construction problems is by soil treatment with chemical additives. The main objective of this study is to investigate effectiveness of salts used as an additive in stabilization of silty clay soil. Three types of salts used which are sodium chloride (NaCl), magnisum chloride (MgCl2) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). Various amounts of salts (2%, 4%, and 8%) were added to the soil to study the effect of salts on the consistency limits, compaction characteristics and CBR value.The test results indicated that the liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index decreased as the salts content increased. The addition of salts to the soil increased the maximum dry density and reduced the optimum moisture content. The addition of (2 %) salt to the soil causes increases the CBR value between (8 to 28 %), while, in samples containing large amount of salt (4 and 8 %) the increase was between (55 to 80%).The CBR value increased as the salt content increases for different type of salt and the greatest value is found in the soil treated with (4%) calcium chloride which was equal to (80 %). ‫ﻣرﻛﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدام‬ ‫زﯾﺗﯾﺔ‬ ‫طﯾﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺗﺛﺑﯾت‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﺑري‬ ‫ﺗﻘﯾﯾم‬ ‫اﻟﻛﻠورﯾدات‬ ‫اﻟﺧﻼﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫واﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻌراق‬ ‫ﯾﺗﺿﻣن‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫وﻗﺎﺑﻠﯾ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺗﮭ‬ ‫ون‬ ‫ﺗﻛ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺗ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﯾن‬ ‫ط‬ ‫وى‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺣﺗ‬ ‫اﻟﺗرب‬ ‫واطﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻣﻠﮭﺎ‬. ‫وه‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺗﺷ‬ ‫ﺗﺗﻌرض‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫اﻧﮭ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ﺣﯾ‬ ‫رﯾﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳ‬ ‫اﻟطرق‬ ‫اﻧﺷﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﯾر‬ ‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﺑ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺷ‬ ‫ﺎﻛل‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷ‬ ‫ذه‬ ‫ﻟﮭ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫اﻟﺣ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫م‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻼﺋ‬ ‫ﻧد‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳ‬ ‫ود‬ ‫وﺟ‬ ‫دم‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫د‬ ‫ﻋﻧ‬ ‫رﯾﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺳ‬ ‫اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺿﺎﻓﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدام‬. ‫اﻟﻐرض‬ ‫ﺎدة‬ ‫ﻛﻣ‬ ‫ﻼح‬ ‫اﻻﻣ‬ ‫ﺗﺧدام‬ ‫اﺳ‬ ‫ﺄﺛﯾر‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﺑﯾ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدراﺳ‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻏرﯾﻧﯾ‬ ‫طﯾﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺗﺛﺑﯾت‬ ‫ﻣﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬. ‫د‬ ‫ﻛﻠورﯾ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫وھ‬ ‫دات‬ ‫اﻟﻛﻠورﯾ‬ ‫ﻼح‬ ‫اﻣ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫واع‬ ‫اﻧ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛ‬ ‫ﺗﺧدام‬ ‫اﺳ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﻟﺻودﯾوم‬ , ‫اﻟﻛﺎﻟﺳﯾوم‬ ‫وﻛﻠورﯾد‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻐﻧﺳﯾوم‬ ‫ﻛﻠورﯾد‬. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺗﻣت‬ ‫اﻻﻣﻼح‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻣﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬) 2 % , 4 % ‫و‬ 8 (% ‫اﻻ‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯾر‬ ‫ﻟدراﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘوام‬ ‫ﺣدود‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻼح‬ , ‫ل‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻣ‬ ‫ﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺳ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫وﻗﯾﻣ‬ ‫اﻟرص‬ ‫ﺧﺻﺎﺋص‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﯾﻔورﻧﯾﺎ‬. ‫اﻟﺳﯾوﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺣد‬ ‫ان‬ ‫اﺟرﯾت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺣوﺻﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﯾﻧت‬ , ‫ﺗﺗﻧﺎﻗص‬ ‫اﻟﻠدوﻧﺔ‬ ‫دﻟﯾل‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻠدوﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺣد‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻓ‬ ‫اﻟﻛﺛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗزداد‬ ‫اﻻﻣﻼح‬ ‫ﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑزﯾﺎدة‬ ‫اﻧﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﯾﻧت‬ ‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺗرﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﻼح‬ ‫ﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑزﯾﺎدة‬ PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com A Laboratory Evaluation of Stabilization of Silty Clay Soil by Using Chloride Compounds 3055 ‫اﻟﻣ‬ ‫ﺎﻗص‬ ‫وﯾﺗﻧ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌظﻣ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺛ‬ ‫وﺑﻲ‬ ‫اﻟرط‬ ‫وى‬ ‫ﺣﺗ‬. ‫ﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﺿ‬ ‫ان‬) 2 (% ‫ﺑﺑت‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﺑ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻼح‬ ‫اﻻﻣ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﯾن‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﯾﻔورﻧﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻣل‬ ‫ﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﯾﻣﺔ‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬) 8-28 (% ‫ن‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫اﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻣﯾ‬ ‫وي‬ ‫ﺗﺣﺗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗ‬ ‫ﺎذج‬ ‫اﻟﻧﻣ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﯾﻧﻣ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﻼح‬) 4 ‫و‬ 8 (% ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧت‬ ‫اﻟزﯾﺎدة‬ ‫ﻓﺎن‬) 55 ‫اﻟﻰ‬ 80. (% ‫ﺗﺣﻣل‬ ‫ﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﯾﻣﺔ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﺗزداد‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﯾﻔورﻧﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺳ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬ ‫ﺑزﯾ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﻟﻛ‬ ‫ﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗرﺑ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺳ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫واﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻼح‬ ‫اﻻﻣ‬ ‫واع‬ ‫اﻧ‬) 4 (% ‫د‬ ‫ﻛﻠورﯾ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻐت‬ ‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫اﻟﻛﺎﻟﺳﯾوم‬) 80 .(%